Surfactant Protein (SP) induces preterm birth by promoting oxidative stress via upregulating Storkhead-Box Protein 1

Abstract Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant mortality. The mechanisms that instigate preterm birth remain elusive and this makes it difficult to predict or prevent preterm birth. In this study, the authors found that SP-A induced pathological damage to the placenta and promoted preterm birth. Through mechanism, SP-A promoted the expression of STOX1 which further promoted the oxidative stress in the placenta by inhibiting the activities of a series of antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. SP-A also induced dysregulation of arginine metabolism by inhibiting NOS2 and ARG2. Overexpression of STOX1 aggravated SP-A induced oxidative stress, pathological damage, and preterm birth, whereas knockdown of STOX1 alleviated SP-A induced oxidative stress, pathological damage and preterm birth. The present study uncovers that SP-A induces preterm birth by promoting oxidative stress via upregulating STOX1, which provides new targets for the prediction and prevention of preterm birth.

Effects and correlation of gross motor intervention on movement and social skills of autistic children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects and correlation of gross motor intervention on social skills of autistic children. To provide new ideas for rehabilitation intervention of autistic children s social ability.@*Methods@#Recruiting 23 autistic children through WeChat in Nanchang, randomly divided into experimental groups (n=13) and control group (n=10). The experimental group underwent 6 weeks of large muscle exercise intervention, in the control group, Test of Gross Motor Development 3 (TGMD3), Social Responsiveness Scale(SRS) and the Autism Social Skills Scale (ASSS) examined changes in social skills, and analyze the relationship between sports and social ability.@*Results@#TGMD-3 score in the intervention group before intervention was (34.31±9.79) and increased significantly after intervention (59.77±13.92)(t=-15.28, P<0.01). There was no statistical significance before and after experiment in the control group (P>0.05). The scores of SRS and ASSS in the experimental group were (96.77±15.79, 97.31±29.22) before the intervention, and (82.92±15.86, 117.62±24.93) after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.55, -5.61, P<0.01). The difference between the SRS and ASSS scores of the control group before and after experiment was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Both the TGMD-3 score and the object manipulation score were related to the SRS total score (r=-0.49, -0.45) and ASSS total score(r=0.54, 0.51)(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gross motor intervention can improve the motor and social skills of children with autism, and there is a positive correlation between motor ability and social skills in children with autism.